Universal Commerce Protocol (UCP)
The Universal Commerce Protocol (UCP) is Google’s open standard enabling AI agents to discover products, build shopping carts, and complete purchases across different merchants and surfaces.
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Prompt Engineering: The Art of Talking to Machines
Prompt engineering is the practice of designing, refining, and optimizing the text instructions (prompts) given to a large language model (LLM) to elicit reliable, useful, and accurate outputs. It is a foundational skill for building with AI — distinct from fine-tuning (which changes the model itself) and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (which adds external knowledge).
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Cryptocurrency
Cryptocurrency is a form of digital money that uses cryptography to secure transactions, verify ownership, and control the creation of new units. Learn how Bitcoin, stablecoins, and programmable commerce work in the agentic economy.
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Data poisoning
Data poisoning is a deliberate attack that corrupts AI training data to introduce backdoors, biases, or vulnerabilities. Learn how it works and how to defend against it.
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EU’s Art. 50 compliance mechanism is voluntary. What happens when agents don’t sign?
AI providers operating in the European market face a critical deadline of 18:00 CEST on July 27, 2026. By this time, organizations must submit signatory forms for the Code of Practice on Transparency of AI-Generated Content, published by the European Commission on June 10, 2026. Meeting this cutoff is the only way to secure a…
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How AI Agents Make Decisions: The Engine Behind Autonomous Systems
The Invisible Decision-Maker Imagine you are hiring a highly capable, tireless research assistant. You give them a complex task—say, “Find the best travel route for a multi-city trip and book the hotels.” You don’t expect them to guess the answer instantly. You expect them to look at a map, check flight availability, compare hotel prices,…
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Machine Payments Protocol (MPP)
What is the Machine Payments Protocol (MPP)? The Machine Payments Protocol (MPP) is a payment infrastructure protocol developed by Stripe and Tempo that enables AI agents and automated systems to execute payments programmatically across multiple payment rails. Launched on March 18, 2026, MPP provides a unified interface for agent-driven commerce, allowing AI systems to initiate,…
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The AI Agent Economy: When Software Earns, Spends, and Trades
Defining the Agentic Economy Imagine you are planning a complex business trip. Today, you might use a chatbot to find flight options, but you still have to manually book the tickets, reserve the hotel, and update your calendar. In the emerging agentic economy, you don’t do the booking. Instead, you delegate the entire workflow to…
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Reinforcement learning
Reinforcement learning teaches AI to align with human preferences through rewards and penalties. Learn how RLHF, DPO, GRPO, and RLVR work, why reward hacking matters, and how these techniques power the agentic economy.
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Blockchain
What is a blockchain? A blockchain is a database maintained by a network of independent computers — called nodes — that agree on every update through a shared protocol, rather than relying on a single central authority [1]. Data is stored in blocks that are cryptographically linked to each other in sequence, making the history…